XQuAD

Summary

• Introduction
• Dataset Structure
• Reference
• License
• Citation

Introduction

XQuAD (Cross-lingual Question Answering Dataset) is a benchmark dataset for evaluating cross-lingual question answering performance. The dataset consists of a subset of 240 paragraphs and 1190 question-answer pairs from the development set of SQuAD v1.1 (Rajpurkar et al., 2016) together with their professional translations into ten languages: Spanish, German, Greek, Russian, Turkish, Arabic, Vietnamese, Thai, Chinese, and Hindi. Consequently, the dataset is entirely parallel across 11 languages.

Dataset Structure

Data Instances

xquad-ar

• Size of downloaded dataset files: 13.30 MB
• Size of the generated dataset: 1.72 MB
• Total amount of disk used: 15.03 MB

An example of 'validation' looks as follows.

This example was too long and was cropped:

{
    "answers": {
        "answer_start": [527],
        "text": ["136"]
    },
    "context": "\"Die Verteidigung der Panthers gab nur 308 Punkte ab und belegte den sechsten Platz in der Liga, während sie die NFL mit 24 Inte...",
    "id": "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925c",
    "question": "Wie viele Sacks erzielte Jared Allen in seiner Karriere?"
}

xquad-de

• Size of downloaded dataset files: 13.30 MB
• Size of the generated dataset: 1.29 MB
• Total amount of disk used: 14.59 MB

An example of 'validation' looks as follows.

This example was too long and was cropped:

{
    "answers": {
        "answer_start": [527],
        "text": ["136"]
    },
    "context": "\"Die Verteidigung der Panthers gab nur 308 Punkte ab und belegte den sechsten Platz in der Liga, während sie die NFL mit 24 Inte...",
    "id": "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925c",
    "question": "Wie viele Sacks erzielte Jared Allen in seiner Karriere?"
}

xquad-el

• Size of downloaded dataset files: 13.30 MB
• Size of the generated dataset: 2.21 MB
• Total amount of disk used: 15.51 MB

An example of 'validation' looks as follows.

This example was too long and was cropped:

{
    "answers": {
        "answer_start": [527],
        "text": ["136"]
    },
    "context": "\"Die Verteidigung der Panthers gab nur 308 Punkte ab und belegte den sechsten Platz in der Liga, während sie die NFL mit 24 Inte...",
    "id": "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925c",
    "question": "Wie viele Sacks erzielte Jared Allen in seiner Karriere?"
}

xquad-en

• Size of downloaded dataset files: 13.30 MB
• Size of the generated dataset: 1.12 MB
• Total amount of disk used: 14.42 MB

An example of 'validation' looks as follows.

This example was too long and was cropped:

{
    "answers": {
        "answer_start": [527],
        "text": ["136"]
    },
    "context": "\"Die Verteidigung der Panthers gab nur 308 Punkte ab und belegte den sechsten Platz in der Liga, während sie die NFL mit 24 Inte...",
    "id": "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925c",
    "question": "Wie viele Sacks erzielte Jared Allen in seiner Karriere?"
}

xquad-es

• Size of downloaded dataset files: 13.30 MB
• Size of the generated dataset: 1.28 MB
• Total amount of disk used: 14.58 MB

An example of 'validation' looks as follows.

This example was too long and was cropped:

{
    "answers": {
        "answer_start": [527],
        "text": ["136"]
    },
    "context": "\"Die Verteidigung der Panthers gab nur 308 Punkte ab und belegte den sechsten Platz in der Liga, während sie die NFL mit 24 Inte...",
    "id": "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925c",
    "question": "Wie viele Sacks erzielte Jared Allen in seiner Karriere?"
}

Data Fields

The data fields are the same among all splits.

xquad-ar

• id: a string feature.
• context: a string feature.
• question: a string feature.
• answers: a dictionary feature containing:
  • text: a string feature.
  • answer_start: a int32 feature.

xquad-de

• id: a string feature.
• context: a string feature.
• question: a string feature.
• answers: a dictionary feature containing:
  • text: a string feature.
  • answer_start: a int32 feature.

xquad-el

• id: a string feature.
• context: a string feature.
• question: a string feature.
• answers: a dictionary feature containing:
  • text: a string feature.
  • answer_start: a int32 feature.

xquad-en

• id: a string feature.
• context: a string feature.
• question: a string feature.
• answers: a dictionary feature containing:
  • text: a string feature.
  • answer_start: a int32 feature.

xquad-es

• id: a string feature.
• context: a string feature.
• question: a string feature.
• answers: a dictionary feature containing:
  • text: a string feature.
  • answer_start: a int32 feature.

Data Splits

name	validation
xquad-ar	1190
xquad-de	1190
xquad-el	1190
xquad-en	1190
xquad-es	1190

Reference

We would like to acknowledge Mikel Artetxe et al. for creating and maintaining the XQuAD dataset as a valuable resource for the computer vision and machine learning research community. For more information about the XQuAD dataset and its creator, please visit the XQuAD website.

License

The dataset has been released under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Citation

@article{Artetxe:etal:2019,
      author    = {Mikel Artetxe and Sebastian Ruder and Dani Yogatama},
      title     = {On the cross-lingual transferability of monolingual representations},
      journal   = {CoRR},
      volume    = {abs/1910.11856},
      year      = {2019},
      archivePrefix = {arXiv},
      eprint    = {1910.11856}
}